Buddhist Mountains of China

Since Buddhism arrived in China 2000 years ago, its monks and pilgrims have sought the solitude of mountains. These peaks became home to some of the world's most magnificent monasteries, built into cliffsides and perched on summits.

Golden Summit temple of Mount Emei above a sea of clouds

Mount EmeiEmei Shan

Sacred Buddhist mountain — golden temples above the clouds

Sichuan 3,099m 4.5/5 UNESCO
Tibetan Buddhist monastery on Mount Wutai

Mount WutaiWutai Shan

Earthly abode of the Bodhisattva of Wisdom — China's holiest Buddhist mountain

Shanxi 3,058m 4.2/5 UNESCO
Shaolin Temple at the foot of Mount Song

Mount SongSong Shan

Birthplace of Shaolin kung fu and Zen Buddhism, the Central Great Mountain

Henan 1,512m 4.2/5 UNESCO
Misty forest temple on Mount Heng Hunan

Mount Heng (Hunan)Heng Shan (Hunan)

The Southern Great Mountain, home to 200+ temples and misty forest trails

Hunan 1,300m 4.1/5
The Hanging Temple on Mount Heng Shanxi cliff

Mount Heng (Shanxi)Heng Shan (Shanxi)

Home to the mind-bending Hanging Temple suspended from a sheer cliff

Shanxi 2,016m 4/5
Jiuhua Mountain temples emerging from morning mist

Mount JiuhuaJiu Hua Shan

One of China's four sacred Buddhist mountains, 99 peaks shrouded in incense

Anhui 1,342m 4.3/5
Putuo Island temple with ocean backdrop

Mount PutuoPu Tuo Shan

Sacred Buddhist island mountain where the sea meets the dharma

Zhejiang 291m 4.3/5
Namcha Barwa peak towering above the Yarlung Tsangpo gorge

Namcha BarwaNan Jia Ba Wa Feng

The eastern anchor of the Himalayas — 7,782m of sheer majesty rarely seen by outsiders

Tibet 7,782m 4.6/5
Gongga Shan (Minya Konka) summit glowing at sunrise

Mount GonggaGong Ga Shan

The King of Sichuan mountains — 7,556m of alpine majesty

Sichuan 7,556m 4.6/5
Mount Kailash's pyramid-shaped peak in western Tibet

Mount KailashGang Rinpoche

The most sacred mountain on Earth — worshipped by a billion people, climbed by none

Tibet 6,638m 4.7/5
Red Cloud Golden Summit of Mount Fanjing with twin temples

Mount FanjingFan Jing Shan

The Red Cloud Golden Summit — two temples on a knife-edge ridge above the clouds

Guizhou 2,570m 4.5/5 UNESCO

The Four Sacred Buddhist Mountains

Mount Emei 峨眉山

Sichuan

Bodhisattva Samantabhadra (Puxian). The highest of the four sacred mountains, with a 50km pilgrimage trail through subtropical forest to the Golden Summit at 3099m. Sunrise over a sea of clouds is a spiritual experience even for non-Buddhists.

Mount Wutai 五台山

Shanxi

Bodhisattva Manjusri (Wenshu), the bodhisattva of wisdom. The oldest Buddhist sacred mountain, with temples dating to the 1st century AD. Five flat-topped peaks surround a valley of monasteries.

Mount Jiuhua 九华山

Anhui

Bodhisattva Ksitigarbha (Dizang), protector of souls in the afterlife. Known for its 99 peaks and the mummified body of a Tang-dynasty monk preserved in a temple.

Mount Putuo 普陀山

Zhejiang

Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara (Guanyin), the goddess of mercy. The only sacred mountain on an island, surrounded by the East China Sea. A place of pilgrimage for sailors and fishermen for 1,000+ years.